| Fuzzy Control-Based Safety Evaluation and Optimization of Driving Behavior |
| Weiqi Zhou1,2, Majun Fei1, Chaofeng Pan1, Dehua Shi1,2, Hai Zhao1 |
1Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
2Jiangsu University Research Institute of Engineering Technology, Zhenjiang, 212013, China |
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Received: February 17, 2025; Revised: October 3, 2025 Accepted: November 11, 2025. Published online: December 16, 2025. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Unsafe driving behavior significantly contributes to road accidents. This study introduces a safety evaluation and optimization framework designed for different driving styles. High-frequency driving data and positioning information were collected from urban road experiments, and five key indicators (average speed, speed fluctuation, acceleration range, speeding frequency, and speed change frequency) were selected for analysis. A weighted calculation method was employed to derive a safety score, which was integrated into a driving behavior evaluation model correlated with accident rates. Machine learning models, including neural networks, random forests, support vector machines (SVM), and XGBoost, were compared in terms of fitting performance, with SVM demonstrating the highest accuracy. To optimize driving behavior, fuzzy control was applied to regulate speed and acceleration, based on driving style and traffic conditions. The optimized safety scores showed substantial improvements of 1.6%, 10.81%, 18.22%, 31.98%, and 110.29% across different driving styles. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing driving safety. |
| Key Words:
Safety evaluation · Driving behavior · Road safety · Fuzzy control · Support Vector Machines (SVM) |
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Corresponding Author.
Weiqi Zhou , Email. 
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