| IMPACT BEHAVIOUR MODELING OF MOTORCYCLE FRONT WHEEL-TYRE ASSEMBLY |
| K. S. TAN1, S. V. WONG2, R. S. RADIN UMAR1, A. M. S. HAMOUDA3, N. K. GUPTA3 |
1University Putra Malaysia
2National Defence University of Malaysia
3Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research
4Indian Institute of Technology
5Delhi |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Experiments were conducted to investigate influence of certain parameters that affect the impact response of the motorcycle front wheel-tyre assembly under various impact conditions. Impact tests were conducted according to fractional factorial design using pendulum impact test apparatus with impact speed, impact mass, tyre inflation pressure level, striker geometry and impact location as design factors. Significant factors influencing the response of the wheel-tyre assembly were identified. Coefficients for each factor were also determined and empirical models were then developed for each response. An analysis indicates that the developed models fit well within the experimental range of the respective factor. However, for several interaction effects the models become unrealistic whereby the models give certain deformation value when approaching zero impact mass and/or with zero impact velocity. This is not consistent with the mechanics of the physical world as there should not be any significant deformation when delivered impact energy is small enough. Efforts have been made in developing better models to resolve the inconsistency and to include a wider range, especially considering the case from lower limit of experimental factors, which is impact mass of 51.18 kg and/or impact velocity of 3 ms-1 (10.8 km/h) down to zero. The minimum amount of the impact energy required to produce the onset observable deformation on the wheel was incorporated in the development of new models. The present models have been finally developed not only to cover for lower region but also the range up to the upper limit of the factors, which is impact mass of 101.33 kg and impact velocity of 6 ms-1 (21.6 km/h). |
| Key Words:
Motorcycle frontal crash; Wheel-tyre impact behaviour; Impact Eenergy absorption model; Impact behaviour model; Motorcycle crashworthiness |
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