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ARTICLE
VISEF: Empirical Evaluation of a Vehicle-Level Integrated Functional Safety Framework
Modern vehicles operate as Systems of Systems, with tightly coupled interactions with many subsystems. As a result, traditional item-level safety analysis based on ISO 26,262 often leads to redundant or omitted hazards, limiting the ability to assure comprehensive vehicle-level ...
ARTICLE
CSPHet-CCFM-YOLOv8: A Lightweight Multi-object Detection and Distance Estimation Framework for Autonomous Driving Systems
To address the issue of low accuracy and slow detection speed in multi-object detection and distance estimation for autonomous driving systems operating in complex environments, this study proposes an enhanced multi-object detection algorithm based on YOLOv8 framework. First, an...
ARTICLE
A Study on the Influence of Geometric Parameters of Stepped Combustion Chamber on Heavy Duty Diesel Engines
This study is to reveal the influence of main shape parameters of stepped combustion chamber on the combustion process, and to establish a parameterized design method for the combustion chamber that matches the fuel injection system. Based on the CFD software CONVERGE, the effec...
ARTICLE
Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Cigarette Smoke Particle Removal for Vehicle Cabin Using Ionizer and Filter
This study proposes and validates a physically grounded Clean Air Delivery Rate(CADR) model for in cabin PM2.5 removal systems that combine ionization and filtration. Chamber-level and vehicle-level tests were conducted to isolate ionization effects and to assess integrated HVAC...
ARTICLE
Emergency Obstacle Avoidance of Autonomous Vehicles Under Aerial Threats
−Avoiding aerial threats is a significant challenge for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs), and the uncertainty of dynamic environments further complicates and intensifies the difficulty of evading such threats. To enhance the survivability of UGVs in scenarios where ground-air co...
ARTICLE
Numerical Investigation on Laminar Burning Velocity and Flame Temperature Characteristics of Dedicated EGR SI Engine Fueled with Methane and Propane Under Different Equivalence Ratio
The laminar flame velocity is a significant metric in premixed combustion modeling of spark ignition (SI) engines. The present investigation was conducted to determine the chance of a dedicated EGR (d-EGR) system being added to a four-cylinder SI engine to increase thermal effic...
ARTICLE
Modeling and Optimization of Energy Conversion Performance of a Free-Piston Linear Engine
A model-based study is carried out to optimize the energy conversion performance of a free-piston linear engine (FPLE) based on its design parameters. The FPLE is modeled by dynamic, linear alternator, and thermodynamic models. Besides, a mathematical model using particle swarm ...
ARTICLE
Stability Optimization of Gaseous Pressure in a CNG Injection System
A study is conducted with simulation models to optimize the stability of gaseous pressure in a compressed natural gas (CNG) injection system. The simulation models are established for the injection system, including an operating model of a rail pipe, mechanical and electromagnet...
ARTICLE
A Hierarchical Adaptive Path Planning Framework (HAPPF) with Synergistic A* and DWA Enhancements for Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous vehicle path planning often confronts a dichotomy: global planners ensure optimality but lack dynamic adaptability, while local planners excel at real-time obstacle avoidance but are prone to local minima. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a Hierarchical ...
ARTICLE
A Novel Trajectory Planning Strategy for Autonomous Ground Vehicles Using Tangent-based Artificial Potential Field
Nowadays, autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) transform urban transport, logistics, and field operations, and they occupy a strategic core role in autonomous driving commercialization.​ Although the artificial potential field method (APF) has made some achievements in trajectory ...
ARTICLE
A Protocol-Agnostic and Automated Approach to Bi-directional Inter-Domain Communication in Software-Defined Vehicles
Software-defined vehicles (SDVs) are rapidly emerging as a technology enabler in the modern automotive industry, relying on centralized high-performance computing platforms where different vehicular domains are consolidated. This shift necessitates seamless inter-domain communic...
ARTICLE
Study of Lithium-Ion Battery Internal Short Circuit Diagnosis Based on Multi-model Fusion Network Model
To improve the accuracy of internal short circuit (ISC) fault diagnosis for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the study proposed a fusion model based on the incremental capacity curve (ICC). In the fusion model, the gated recurrent unit (GRU) model is utilized to extract ISC time-or...
ARTICLE
Research on Linear Quadratic Regulator Active Air Suspension Control of Heavy-duty Bus Based on Road Roughness Grade Recognition
To enhance ride comfort of heavy-duty buses on complex roads, this paper proposes an LQR active air suspension control method with road roughness recognition. Weighting matrices of the LQR controller are pre-optimized via genetic algorithm for Grade B, C, and D roads. Road ident...
ARTICLE
Joint Estimation of Truck Mass and Road Slope Based on the Unscented Kalman Smoother
The vehicle mass is a crucial parameter for analyzing operational conditions and maintenance needs from multi-source heterogeneous vehicle data. For the mass estimation of light trucks, a vehicle longitudinal dynamics model that considers the coupling of sensor nonlinear noise h...
ARTICLE
Quantitative Evaluation of Urea-SCR System Hardware Anti-deposition Capability
Urea deposition is a common failure mode in diesel Urea Selective Catalytic Reduction (Urea-SCR) systems. The increased urea injection required under low-temperature conditions driven by stricter emission regulations, along with the trend toward close-coupled after-treatment sys...
ARTICLE
Prediction of Transient Internal and External Temperatures in Shock Absorbers Under Different Force Levels
In this study, a thermal mathematical model is presented to predict the transient temperature differences between the inner surface of the pressure tube and the outer surface of the outer tube under damping forces in twin-tube shock absorbers used in the automotive industry. The...
ARTICLE
Optimal Braking Trajectory Generation for Motion Sickness Minimization Based on High-fidelity Subjective Vertical Conflict Modeling
This study proposes an optimal braking trajectory generation framework for minimizing motion sickness in automated vehicles. In contrast to conventional approaches that rely on statistical metrics such as the Motion Sickness Dose Value (MSDV), this framework explicitly embeds th...
ARTICLE
Multi-dimensional Attitude Cooperative Hierarchical Control Considering Zero Moment Point
Vehicle ride comfort and handling stability constitute fundamental technical indicators in vehicle dynamics. Active roll control, as a pivotal technology for enhancing vehicle lateral dynamic performance, has demonstrated efficacy under steady-state steering conditions. However,...
ARTICLE
Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Novel Multi-axle Electric Truck with Broad-Deep Learning-Based Collaborative Controllers for Active Steering and Direct Yaw Moment Control
This study introduces an electric multi-axle truck (EMAT) featuring a new power system, along with collaborative active steering control (ASC) and direct yaw moment control (DYC) to tackle steering problems. The EMAT design includes a drive motor and differential on the middle a...
ARTICLE
Analytical Modeling and Analysis of the Stiffness of an Electromechanical Brake
The electromechanical brake (EMB) offers rapid response and high control precision, marking it as a crucial development direction for the next-generation Brake-by-Wire system. Compared to the pneumatic brake and hydraulic brake, the EMB features a considerably more complex mecha...
ARTICLE
Important Features to Consider in Concept Design of Mountain Tram: Part 1. Articulated Bogie
A mountain tram is the railway vehicle running on the tracks in the mountainous regions. Being affected by the rough terrains in the regions, the tracks for mountain trams usually include the curves with small radius and much steeper gradients which usually do not appear in rail...
ARTICLE
Study on Electric Wheel Shimmy Mechanism of Electric Vehicle Based on Seven Degree of Freedom Model
The shimmy mechanism in fuel-powered and conventional electric vehicles has been extensively studied. However, research on shimmy in in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicles (EV-DIMs) remains limited. To address this issue, this paper develops a seven-degree-of-freedom (7DOF) shi...
ARTICLE
Development of a Machine Learning-Driven Predictive Model for Soot/NOX Emissions in Reduced Biodiesel Chemical Mechanisms for Internal Combustion Engines
In this study, a biodiesel reduced chemical reaction mechanism was developed, optimized for 3D CFD engine analysis. The mechanism was condensed to focus on the low-temperature region, where fuel oxidation begins. By optimizing the reaction rates of key reactions identified throu...
ARTICLE
Fuzzy Control-Based Safety Evaluation and Optimization of Driving Behavior
Unsafe driving behavior significantly contributes to road accidents. This study introduces a safety evaluation and optimization framework designed for different driving styles. High-frequency driving data and positioning information were collected from urban road experiments, an...
ARTICLE
Driving Mode Development for Concrete-Mixer Trucks Based on Suburban Power Demand Characteristics
As environmental regulations tighten and carbon neutrality becomes a global priority, construction equipment is increasingly transitioning toward zero-emission power sources. To ensure the feasibility of applying eco-friendly power sources, it is essential to precisely understan...
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